腹腔可触及肿物的超声鉴别（二）

Miscellaneous Lesions 其他病变.. Urachal Cyst 疣尿管出血A urachal cyst may be seen in between the umbilicus and the bladder. It is usually situated in the lower third of the urachus but can be seen just inferior to the umbilicus. These cysts may appear totally anechoic or may reveal low-level internal echoes (Figure 11 )疣尿管出血多见于疣和胃之间，上会地西北侧疣尿管的下1/3 ，但也可多见于数地西北侧疣下。这些出血可平庸为完全无调谐或低调谐。

Figure 11. A, Urachal cyst. The cyst is infected and contains faintly echogenic fluid. B, Urachal cyst. The anterior wall of the tense cyst produces reverberation artifacts. 绘出11A，疣尿管出血，此出血已受接种，之下所含微小调谐的凝胶。B，疣尿管出血，紧绷的出血前壁产生反射伪影。

..Endometriosis胎盘内膜癌变Endometriosis of the abdominal wall may occur as a long-term complication of uterine surgery. It has no specific appearance but is seen as a focal mass at the scar of previous surgery with attacks of cyclic pain and swelling (Figure 12 ).结节胎盘内膜癌变是胎盘疗程后的长期合并症，无特殊平庸，但可于过去疗程的瘢痕西北侧见一局部肿物，并有周期官能的疼痛和肿胀。

Figure 12. Endometriosis in a cesarean delivery scar. 绘出12 ，剖宫产伤疤西北侧胎盘内膜癌变

...Abdominal Wall Hematoma 结节血肿A rectus sheath hematoma may develop after paroxysms of coughing or sneezing or after seizures. The underlying cause is usually either anticoagulant therapy or some bleeding disorder. Because these hematomas are limited within the rectus sheath, they are not very big. Their shape depends on their location. Above the arcuate line, they are usually ovoid in shape with the long axis superoinferior and are seen on one side (Figure 13A ). Below the arcuate line, because of the absence of the linea alba, they can extend across the midline. Then the hematoma may be seen as a padlike lesion with its maximum length along the transverse axis.21–23 In one neonate, an abdominal wall hematoma was seen to spread transversely in the supraumbilical region (Figure 13, B and C ). In patients with post surgical disseminated intrascular coagulation, large hematomas are seen in the abdominal wall in the vicinity of the surgical scar (Figure 13D ).腹直肌鞘血肿可发生于发烧官能咳嗽后、浑身或癫痫发烧后，其根本原因上会是抗凝治疗或出血官能疾病。由于血肿受限于腹直肌鞘内，上会不非常大，其外形根据所西北侧位置而定，在弓状该线以上，血肿常为卵圆形，长轴呈上下侧向，可于一侧见到（绘出13A）；在弓状该线表列出，由于腹白该线缺如，可扩张吹袭中都该线，因此血肿平庸为分叶状，其最大者长度地西北侧横轴上。在婴儿结节血肿可多见于疣上交叉扩张（绘出13B、C）。术后球状官能血管内炎症的医护人员可于结节疗程瘢痕一西北侧见到大的血肿（绘出13D）。

Figure 13. A, Rectus sheath hematoma in an elderly woman after severe cough. Arrows point to the fascia transversalis. B, Abdominal wall hematoma in a neonate. C, Abdominal wall hematoma overlying umbilical vein insertion in a neonate. UV indicates umbilical vein. D, Abdominal wall hematoma in a cesarean delivery scar in a patient with disseminated intrascular coagulation. 绘出13A，一中都年妇女剧烈咳嗽后腹直肌鞘血肿，箭头指示腹横筋膜。B，婴儿结节血肿。C，一婴儿疣动脉表层西北侧侧面的结节血肿。UV，疣动脉。D，一球状官能血管内炎症的剖宫产术后医护人员脸颊西北侧结节血肿。

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